Pair Name	Guggulsterone, Gemcitabine
Disease Info	[ICD-11: 2C10.0]	Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma		Investigative
Biological Phenomena	Induction-->Apoptosis
Gene Regulation	Down-regulation	Phosphorylation	AKT1	hsa207
	Up-regulation	Expression	BAX	hsa581
	Down-regulation	Expression	BCL2	hsa596
	Up-regulation	Phosphorylation	MAPK8	hsa5599
	Down-regulation	Activity	NFKB1	hsa4790
In Vitro Model	MIA PaCa-2	Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma	Homo sapiens (Human)	CVCL_0428
	PANC-1	Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma	Homo sapiens (Human)	CVCL_0480
In Vivo Model	To ceate the subcutaneous xenograft model, mice were subcutaneously inoculated with MiaPaCa-2 cells (1×10⁶cells/mouse) in 1 mL of Matrigel.
Result	The combination of guggulsterone to gemcitabine enhanced antitumor efficacy through apoptosis induction by suppressing Akt and nuclear factor KappaB activity and by modulating apoptosis-related protein expression in pancreatic cancer